Application Of A Project-Based Learning Model To Improve Learning Outcomes And Critical Thinking Ability
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model in improving learning outcomes and critical thinking skills of students in the Nautical Skills subject. The background of this study departs from the need for more contextual, applicable learning, and able to develop higher-order thinking skills in cadets at maritime schools. The methodology used is a qualitative approach with a classroom action research design through observation, interviews, documentation, and analysis of learning outcomes. The subjects of the study were cadets in the maritime study program who took the Nautical Skills subject. The results showed that the implementation of PjBL was able to increase learning activity, collaboration skills, and conceptual understanding of students. In addition, students' critical thinking skills experienced a significant increase, indicated by the ability to analyze maritime problems, formulate solutions, and make decisions based on field data. The improvement in learning outcomes is seen in the acquisition of higher average grades compared to before the implementation of PjBL, as well as more evenly distributed competency achievements. The conclusion of this study is that the Project Based Learning model is effectively applied to the Nautical Skills subject to improve learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. The research recommendations emphasize the need for sustainable implementation, adequate support for practical facilities, and strengthening the capacity of educators in designing and managing learning projects relevant to the maritime world.
References
Anggraeni, S., … J. W.-P. U. N., & 2025, undefined. (2025). Implementasi Project Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Ekonomi dan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis di Sekolah MenengahNANo ranking found for “Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran.” Bookchapter.Unnes.Ac.Id, 8(2), 6806–6814. https://doi.org/10.31004/JRPP.V8I2.48839
Asyhari, H., Mesin, I. A.-J. P. T., & 2023, undefined. (2022). Penerapan project based learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kolaborasi dan hasil belajar pekerjaan dasar teknik otomotif siswa kelas X TKR 4 di SMK Negeri NANo ranking found for “GEARBOX: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin.” Ejournal.Unesa.Ac.Id, 2(2), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.53682/GJ.V2I2.1223
Bagus, I., Putra Manuaba, A., Ayu, N. G., Lestari, P., Dewi, S., Putu, I., Prabawa, Y., Bhargah, A., Darmayani, S., & Wu, C.-C. (2020). Simulation-based learning compared with conventional methods in procedural skill NANo ranking found for “Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science.” Ijbs-Udayana.Org, 14(2), 86–90. https://doi.org/10.15562/IJBS.V14I2.268
Batatına Krasnıqı, V. (2021). Bloom Taksonomisinin Gözden Geçirilmesi: Genel Bir DeğerlendirmeNATidak ditemukan peringkat untuk “Rumeli İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi.” Rumeli İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11, 22–40.
https://doi.org/10.53336/RUMELI.1260409
Casfian, F., Fadhillah, F., … J. S.-J. P., & 2024, undefined. (2022). Efektivitas pembelajaran berbasis teori kontruktivisme melalui media e-learningNANo ranking found for “Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan.” Publisherqu.Com, 14(2), 90–102.
https://doi.org/10.21137/JPP.2022.14.2.3
Choudhary, G., in, D. S.-A. of C. M., & 2023, undefined. (2023). From conventional approach to machine learning and deep learning approach: Computational Methods in Engineering; Springer, 30(2), 1267–1304.
https://doi.org/10.1007/S11831-022-09833-5
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A. L., Strachan, S. L., Kim, J., & Konstantopoulos, S. (2021). Putting PjBL to the test: The impact of project-based learning on second graders’ social studies and literacy learning and motivation in low-SES school settingsQ1American Educational Research Journal; Journals.Sagepub.Com, 58(1), 160–200.
https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220929638
Exintaris, B., Karunaratne, N., & Yuriev, E. (2023). Metacognition and critical thinking: Using ChatGPT-generated responses as prompts for critique in a problem-solving workshop. ACS Publications, 100(8), 2972–2980.
https://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JCHEMED.3C00481
Hayatina Ramadhan UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Hindun UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Alamat, E., Ir Juanda, J. H., Ciputat Tim, K., & Tangerang Selatan, K. (2023). Penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek untuk membantu siswa berpikir kreatifNATidak ditemukan peringkat untuk “Protasis: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Budaya, dan Pengajarannya.” Protasis.Amikveteran.Ac.Id, 2(2), 43–54.
https://doi.org/10.55606/PROTASIS.V2I2.98
Huda, M., Fawaid, A., Jurnal, S. S.-P., & 2023, undefined. (2022). Implementasi teori belajar behavioristik dalam proses pembelajaranNATidak ada peringkat yang ditemukan untuk “Darajat: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam.” Journal.Politeknik-Pratama.Ac.Id, 5(2), 139–148.
https://doi.org/10.58518/DARAJAT.V5I2.1413
Humanistik, M. A.-J. M., & 2020, undefined. (2020). Pembelajaran berbasis proyek : Apakah ada manfaat akademis bagi guru atau siswa?NATidak ada peringkat yang ditemukan untuk “Jurnal Matematika Humanistik.” Scholarship.Claremont.Edu, 10(1), 458–471.
https://doi.org/10.5642/JHUMMATH.202001.25
James-Gordon, Y., Young, A., & Bal, J. (2003). Kekuatan lingkungan eksternal yang mempengaruhi penyedia e- learning Intelijen & Perencanaan Pemasaran;. Emerald.Com, 21(3), 168–172.
https://doi.org/10.1108/02634500310474984/FULL/HTML
Jhon W. Cresswell. (2019). Research Design Pendekatan Metode Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan Campuran (Keempat). Pustaka Belajar. Yogyakarta.
Journal), L. A.-E. (Elementary S. E., & 2021, undefined. (2021). Penerapan Teori Konstruktivistik Dalam Pembelajaran Tematik Di Sekolah DasarNANo ranking found for “ELSE (Elementary School Education Journal) : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar.” Digilib.Uin-Suka.Ac.Id, 5(2), 127. https://doi.org/10.30651/ELSE.V5I2.6951
Lefcourt, H. (1966). Kontrol penguatan internal versus eksternal : suatu tinjauan.. Buletin Psikologi.
https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/bul/65/4/206/
Mantau, B., Irfani, S. T.-, & 2023, undefined. (2023). Pengintegrasian keterampilan abad 21 dalam proses pembelajaran (Literature review)NATidak ada peringkat yang ditemukan untuk “Irfani.” Jurnal.Iaingorontalo.Ac.Id, 19(1), 86–107.
https://doi.org/10.30603/IR.V19I1.3897
Manuaba, I. B. A. P., No, Y., & Wu, C. C. (2022). The effectiveness of problem based learning in improving critical thinking, problem-solving and self-directed learning in first-year medical students: A meta. Journals.Plos.Org, 17(11 November).
https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0277339
Online, K. I.-P., & 2016, undefined. (2018). Faktor Internal dan Eksternal yang Mempengaruhi Penerapan Penilaian Formatif oleh Guru untuk Mendukung Pembelajaran .NATidak ada peringkat yang ditemukan untuk “Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran.” ERIC, 8(1), 74.
https://doi.org/10.5539/JEL.V8N1P74
Pramana, P., … N. S.-… J. K. I., & 2024, undefined. (2024). Relevansi teori belajar konstruktivisme dengan model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap hasil belajar siswaNANo ranking found for “Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru.” Jurnal-Dikpora.Jogjaprov.Go.Id, 9(2), 487–493.
https://doi.org/10.51169/IDEGURU.V9I2.875
Puling, H., Dan, L., Kritis, B., Hubungan, :, Dalam, D., Keputusan, P., Manilang, E., Lawalata, M., Tinggi, S., Injili, T., Setia, A. (, & Jakarta, ). (2024). Logika dan Berpikir Kritis: Hubungan dan Dampak Dalam Pengambilan KeputusanNANo ranking found for “Sinar Kasih: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat.” Jurnal.Sttarastamarngabang.Ac.Id, 2(2), 164–173.
https://doi.org/10.55606/SINARKASIH.V2I2.319
R., S., Nurmala, E., Laju, I. K., Dahlan, H. R., & Astria, G. (2025). Optimalisasi Bernavigasi Pada Saat Cuaca Buruk Di Kapal Mt. Anarya 1NATidak ditemukan peringkat untuk “ATRIA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Riset Ilmiah.” ATRIA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Riset Ilmiah, 2(1), 1–10.
https://doi.org/10.62554/GM56XV50
Sosial, S. S.-J. M. P. D. I., & 2020, undefined. (2020). Determinasi Motivasi dan Kinerja Guru Terhadap Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Kompetensi Profesional Guru (Studi Kasus di SMAN Negeri 1 Kota Bima). Dinastirev.Org, 1(2).
https://doi.org/10.38035/JMPIS
Susilawati, S., Teknik, S. S.-J. D. V., & 2021, undefined. (2021). penerapan model pembelajaran PBL dan PjBL terhadap kompetensi kognitif pada mata pelajaran pemeliharaan mesin kendaraan ringan kelas XI TKR di SMK …NANo ranking found for “Jurnal Dinamika Vokasional Teknik Mesin.” Jurnal.Uny.Ac.Id, 6(2), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.21831/DINAMIKA.V6I2.44128
Tanty, H., Fernando, C., … J. V.-, Sciences, and S., & 2022, undefined. (2022). Critical thinking and problem solving among students. Academia.Edu, 4(3), 173–180.
https://doi.org/10.21512/BECOSSJOURNAL.V4I3.8633
Weintrit, A. (2025). Dan Pemeliharaan Alat Navigasi Electronic Chart Display And Information System (Ecdis) Sebagai Penunjang Keselamatan. NA Tidak ada peringkat yang ditemukan untuk “Sistem Informasi dan Tampilan Grafik Elektronik (ECDIS).” The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS), 907–920.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439847640-A1
Widyastika, D., Nasution, M., Mulia, Z. M.-J. G., & 2025, undefined. (2025). Project Based Learning Berbasis Platform Quizizz Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa. Ejournal.Uncm.Ac.Id, 5(03), 479–485.
https://doi.org/10.57008/JJP.V5I03.1411
Wijnia, L., Noordzij, G., Arends, L. R., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2024). The effects of problem-based, project-based, and case-based learning on students’ motivation. Springer, 36(1), 29.
https://doi.org/10.1007/S10648-024-09864-3
Yasar, M. N., Cilli, M., Cinarli, F. S., Sakabas, S., Guvenkaya, M., & Oztoprak, U. (2025). Tinjauan Umum Taksonomi Bloom Yang Telah Direvisi. Dergipark.Org.Tr, 23(1), 31–36.
.jpg){kind=logo}
